Tier 2 Instruction is supplemental, strategic instruction for students who are performing below grade-level expectations and who have not fully responded to Tier 1 instruction. A general guideline for determining Tier 2 needs is that a student is below grade-level targets compared with same-age peers in the same classroom setting.

The goal of Tier 2 instruction is to prevent students from falling further behind by addressing specific skill gaps and supporting mastery of grade-level standards. In a Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS), about 12–15% of students may require this level of support because their needs go beyond what Tier 1 alone can address. Tier 2 interventions are delivered in addition to core instruction and provide focused, strategic support to help students succeed.

Interventions provided within Tier 2 are systematic and explicit instruction provided to accelerate growth in an area of identified need. Interventions may be delivered by general education teachers, support staff (including ESPs), and specialists who are trained in the specific intervention methods. They are designed to improve performance relative to a specific, measurable goal. Interventions are based on valid information about current performance, realistic implementation, and include ongoing student progress monitoring.